Optimizing Power Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks Through Specific Arbitrary Hierarchical Clustering and Enhanced Swastika Routing

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) face challenges due to limited human intervention post-deployment and finite battery life at each node, where the failure of one node's battery can jeopardize the entire system. To address this, we proposed a novel routing technique called Specific Arbitrary Hierarchical Clustering Entrenched Advanced Swastika Routing (SAHCEASR). This technique combines clustering with an advanced version of Swastika Routing, employing specific arbitrary clustering for optimal cluster selection. Implemented in MATLAB using a power model, SAHCEASR significantly reduces power consumption at both system-wide and individual node levels. Our adaptive routing approach demonstrated nearly a 50% reduction in battery power consumption, thereby enhancing the network lifetime of WSNs.