PHÁT TRIỂN SẢN XUẤT MẮC CA: TỔNG QUAN LÝ LUẬN, THỰC TIỄN VÀ HÀM Ý CHÍNH SÁCH CHO TỈNH ĐIỆN BIÊN

The development of macadamia cultivation has emerged as one of the key strategic orientations to diversify cropping systems and enhance economic value, particularly in the Northwest region of Vietnam. From the perspective of “developing agricultural commodity production,” this study systematized the theoretical foundations of macadamia production development, with core dimensions including: planning of production area, selection of suitable varieties, application of advanced technologies, strengthening linkages and cooperation, as well as improving outputs and economic efficiency. The paper further emphasized the significant influence of institutional and policy frameworks, natural conditions, infrastructure, production capacity, and market factors on the expansion of macadamia production. However, a number of barriers remain, such as inconsistent planning, shortage of high-quality varieties, weak technical infrastructure, limited organizational capacity, and unstable consumption markets, which pose considerable challenges to sustainable development. On this basis, the paper proposed several policy implications for Điện Biên province - a locality with substantial potential for macadamia cultivation-in order to gradually establish specialized production zones, organize production in accordance with value chains, and build a stable and sustainable macadamia brand.