Prevalence and correlates of low-level viremia and viral load non-suppression among adults on HIV treatment: Results from the Tanzania HIV Impact Survey, 2022–2023

In this nationally representative analysis of PLHIV in Tanzania, most people had undetectable viral load, while LLV was common and VL non-suppression was less frequent. Absence of ARV drugs detected in blood was associated with both LLV and VL non-suppression, underscoring the importance of recent ART exposure. These findings suggested that LLV warranted programmatic attention alongside VL non-suppression to support sustained viral suppression.