Mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide in managing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

Mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), along with B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), is a type of natriuretic peptide hormone that is released by atrial muscle cells upon stress. Previous studies have shown that MR-proANP has high diagnostic accuracy for heart failure (HF) in several clinical settings, and it also helps in the risk stratification of patients with HF. In the general population, elevated MR-proANP levels indicate a high risk of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and atrial fibrillation. In patients with established cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, elevated MR-proANP levels are associated with a poor prognosis. This review summarizes the value and the use of MR-proANP in assessing the risk, diagnosis, and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease(s).