Caffeine Addiction: Patterns and Prevenance Among Undergraduate Medical and Engineering Students in Southern India

Caffeine consumption is highly prevalent among college students, particularly during periods of academic stress, owing to its perceived psychoactive benefits such as enhanced alertness and concentration. However, regular intake may lead to dependency and associated adverse health effects. This study explored the prevalence, sources, patterns of caffeine consumption, and awareness of its effects and withdrawal symptoms among medical and engineering students in Belagavi city, Karnataka, India. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 640 students, including 320 medical and 320 engineering students, selected through random sampling. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire assessing caffeine consumption habits, sources, awareness, and withdrawal experiences, and analyzed using SPSS with statistical significance set at P ≤ 0.05. The findings revealed a high prevalence of caffeine consumption among both medical (92.5%) and engineering students (92.2%). The mean daily caffeine intake was higher among engineering students (232.9 mg) compared to medical students (186.3 mg), with coffee identified as the primary source. A considerable proportion of students, particularly medical students (74%), reported increased consumption during examination periods compared to engineering students (31.1%). Withdrawal symptoms, including difficulty concentrating and irritability, were commonly reported by both groups upon cessation attempts. Despite awareness of potential negative effects, caffeine consumption remained widespread, especially during academically stressful periods. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to regulate caffeine intake and improve awareness regarding its potential for dependence among college students.