CTL-NK Signature Based on Immune Gene Profiling and IHC Predicts Clinical Outcomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

20260 citationsJournal Article

Authors

Ahmed Alfahdawi · University Of Fallujah

Ali M. Sameen · University of Anbar

Ashjan Mohammed Hussien · Mustansiriyah University

Noor T. Al-Bayatee · University Of Fallujah

Tareq Hafdi Abdtawfeeq · Baba Farid University of Health Sciences

Rashied M. Rashied · University of Anbar

MAYSAM NAJI AHMED

Abstract

Quantitative and spatial assessment of CTL and NK infiltration provides independent prognostic information in TNBC. The CTL-NK score can be integrated into routine pathology and may refine risk stratification, supporting personalized immunotherapy strategies.

Topics & Keywords

Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers Immunotherapy and Immune Responses Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment

UN Sustainable Development Goals

Good health and well-being

Publication Details

Published in: Cancer Investigation

DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2026.2644899

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