Preliminary Technical and Technological Solutions for Maintaining Tracheostomy Patency in Bedridden Patients

Introduction. At least ten percent of patients who temporarily require mechanical ventilation undergo tracheostomy to ensure airway patency and prolonged ventilatory support. In contemporary clinical settings, the timely supply of tracheostomy-related devices represents a significant practical challenge. The aim of this study is to develop a device designed to maintain tracheostomy stoma patency, enabling effective tracheobronchial toilet, oxygen insufflation, and rapid reinsertion of a tracheostomy tube when mechanical ventilation needs to be resumed.Materials and methods. The methodology was based on a systems approach to the analysis and synthesis of technical systems, the development and substantiation of engineering design solutions, as well as reengineering with the optimization of key parameters and the application of methods for assessing the level of technical and economic excellence of the product.Results. A Russian medical device, the “FaTrox System” T-shaped tracheostomy tube, has been developed to facilitate the adaptation of patients receiving mechanical ventilation to spontaneous breathing, provide access for bronchial hygiene, and enable decannulation. Discussion and conclusion. Preliminary technical and technological solutions for maintaining the patency of a tracheostomy in bedridden patients provide a basis for pilot manufacturing of a medical device, followed by clinical trials to confirm its effectiveness.