A Multifunctional MXene/CNF/PVB Fabric via Layer‐by‐Layer Construction for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Joule Heating, and Infrared Stealth

ABSTRACT The rapid advancement of 5G communication technology has intensified electromagnetic pollution, creating an urgent demand for flexible multifunctional fabrics with efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance. This study proposes a novel material‐stacked construction strategy to fabricate multifunctional MXene/cellulose nanofiber/polyvinyl butyral (MXene/CNF/PVB) composite fabrics by sequentially depositing two‐dimensional MXene nanosheets, CNF, and PVB onto the surface of linen fabric. Benefiting from the pretreatment with the cationic polyelectrolyte poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), MXene nanosheets can adhere firmly to the fibers via electrostatic self‐assembly and impart the fabric with excellent EMI shielding performance (47.87 dB). Meanwhile, optimizing the CNF concentration effectively enhances the mechanical strength of the fabric (45.27 MPa). The incorporation of PVB significantly improves the environmental stability and durability of the composite fabrics. As a result of the synergistic combination of high electrical conductivity and favorable infrared radiation suppression characteristics of MXene, the fabricated MXene/CNF/PVB composite‐coated fabric achieved a mechanical strength of 49.68 MPa, an EMI SE of 39.31 dB, efficient Joule heating (62.5°C at 5 V), and effective infrared stealth, as evidenced by a low radiation temperature of 51.3°C against a 100°C background. These results demonstrate the strong potential of MXene/CNF/PVB composite fabrics for next‐generation wearable and multifunctional electronic applications.