Associations of Chiari-1 malformation and syringomyelia with osseous cervical spinal canal diameter in the pediatric spine

Patients with CM ± SM experience significant increases in bony cervical spinal canal diameter during development. Syringes ≥ 3 mm with CM are associated with further canal dilation of the spinal canal at syrinx level. The degree of spinal canal dilation appears to be age- and sex-dependent.