Association of Subclinical Hypothyroidism with Lipid Profile and Body Mass Index in Older Adults

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a common endocrine disorder in older adults and is increasingly recognized for its association with metabolic disturbances, particularly dyslipidemia and obesity. These alterations may contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in the elderly population. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of subclinical hypothyroidism with lipid profile and body mass index (BMI) in older adults. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Mamata Medical College, Khammam, from November 2024 to November 2025. A total of 60 participants aged ≥60 years were included. Clinical evaluation and anthropometric measurements were performed, and BMI was calculated. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and lipid profile parameters. Participants were categorized into euthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid groups. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 36.7% of participants. Individuals with SCH had significantly higher total cholesterol (212.4 ± 34.1 mg/dL), triglycerides (176.8 ± 42.7 mg/dL), LDL-C (138.2 ± 30.6 mg/dL), and VLDL-C (35.4 ± 8.5 mg/dL), along with lower HDL-C levels (40.1 ± 6.8 mg/dL) compared to euthyroid individuals (p < 0.05). Mean BMI was significantly higher in the SCH group (28.1 ± 3.8 kg/m² vs. 24.6 ± 3.2 kg/m²; p = 0.001). Positive correlations were observed between TSH and lipid parameters as well as BMI, while HDL-C showed a negative correlation. Conclusion: Subclinical hypothyroidism in older adults is significantly associated with an adverse lipid profile and higher BMI, indicating increased cardiovascular risk. Early screening and appropriate management may help reduce associated metabolic complications.