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Cardialgia is heart pain of any nature and intensity, which often motivates patients to seek medical attention. Physicians of many specialties are faced with the task of determining the cause of cardialgia and selecting integrative therapeutic strategies. Scientific research is needed to identify new possibilities in prevention, treatment methods, and modern strategies for personalized patient care. A modern field of neurology, neurodietology, is based on knowledge of neuroscience and dietetics and aims to optimize the treatment of neurological diseases through qualitative and quantitative manipulation of dietary composition and nutritional prophylaxis when possible. It is necessary to study the possibility of incorporating a diet using a combination of herbal preparations into the treatment of patients with cardialgia to modulate pain sensations and to theoretically justify its use in this patient population. A review of available literature published and indexed in domestic and international abstract databases (Scopus, Web of Science, and Elibrary). The search was performed using keywords: cardialgia, neurodietology. Available literature data on the pathogenesis of chronic pain and its classification are summarized, with special attention paid to cardialgia within the structure of psychovegetative disorders as a dysfunction of integrative nonspecific brain systems, disrupting cognitive, autonomic, sensory, humoral, and other mechanisms involved in pain generation. Modern principles of neurodietology in complex treatment are described