Nigeria Criminal Justice System and Awaiting Trial Problem in Afokang Correctional Centre Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

This study examines the Nigerian Criminal Justice System and the persistent awaiting trial issue at the Afokang Correctional Centre in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Awaiting trial remains a significant challenge within Nigeria's and Africa’s broader criminal justice framework, contributing to overcrowding and poor conditions in correctional facilities. The study employs the Pearson Product Moment Correlation to analyze empirical data collected from the correctional center. Findings reveal that the awaiting trial problem is a major contributor to congestion, exacerbated by systemic inefficiencies, delayed case dispositions, and the prevalent use of holding charges. These factors have resulted in prolonged detention of suspects, many of whom have been held longer than their potential sentences if convicted. The study underscores the adverse effects of these conditions, including deteriorating health, inadequate rehabilitation, and increased tensions among inmates. The study recommends the establishment of additional well-equipped correctional facilities across the state, staffed with adequately trained personnel to ensure the effective administration of justice and rehabilitation. Additionally, it advocates for the unconditional release of detainees held for minor offenses beyond two years without trial to alleviate congestion. Other recommendations include expediting case processing, reviewing the use of holding charges, and enhancing coordination among criminal justice agencies.