TRAINING OF PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIOLOGISTS IN UKRAINE

Over the past five years, the system of training pediatric anesthesiology specialists in Ukraine has undergone substantial reorganization. The organization of such training can be divided into two distinct periods — before 2021 and after 2021. These differences are primarily related to the conditions and structure of postgraduate training, which occurs mainly during internship and subsequent specialization. Prior to 2021, the specialty “Pediatric Anesthesiology” was included in the list of internship training programs for medical university graduates. The primary specialization (internship) in pediatric anesthesiology lasted 2 years and had certain advantages: enrollment was limited to graduates of the Faculty of Pediatrics, and the main methodological principle was the development of independent professional activity under controlled supervision. Since 2021, the number of internship specialties has been reduced to 23, and “Pediatric Anesthesiology” has been excluded from this list. Training in pediatric anesthesiology is now possible only after completion of an internship in general anesthesiology, followed by specialization in pediatric anesthesiology. The training program for anesthesiologists includes 13 sections, the core of which are devoted to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child’s body, principles of preoperative preparation of children for anesthesia and surgery, age- and procedure-specific features of anesthesia in children, performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in newborns and children, and the fundamentals of pediatric intensive care. Conclusions. The differences in the training systems for pediatric anesthesiology have not demonstrated a clear superiority of one approach over the other in producing competent specialists. However, the current model — training in pediatric anesthesiology and intensive care following an internship in general anesthesiology, followed by targeted specialization — offers certain advantages.