Suicidal Behavior Across the Lifespan: A Comparative Study of Age-specific Patterns

Abstract Introduction: Suicide has become a pressing global public health concern, with significantly rising tendencies observed in both advanced and developing countries, including Asian countries. Predominantly concerning is the prevalence of suicide among the elderly, where rates often equal or exceed those observed in younger populations. The objective of this study is to examine and find out the presence of suicidal behavior and its pattern across different age groups. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 participants were selected using stratified sampling and divided into four distinct age groups: Children and adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults, with an equal gender distribution in each group. Along with a sociodemographic data sheet, the suicidal behaviors questionnaire was administered to assess suicidal thoughts and ideation. Results: Results revealed significant age-related differences in suicidal behavior, with adolescents and geriatric participants showing higher levels of risk compared to young and mid-adults. Gender and educational status were also found to influence suicidal behavior, with females reporting higher ideation and males showing a greater history of past attempts. These findings specify the requirement for age-specific prevention strategies, highlighting that suicidal tendencies can be evident at any point in life but are driven by different psychosocial and developmental factors at each stage. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of early recognition and intervention tailored to age and gender, particularly for adolescents and the elderly, to prevent suicidal thoughts.