Type 1 diabetes mellitus: Bridging the knowledge-action gap

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is unique in its treatment, in that patients must perform medical procedures (inject insulin and check blood glucose [BG]) and take important medical decisions (estimate carbohydrate content of meals, calculate pre-meal insulin doses, and judge the need for additional snacking or insulin dose reduction to prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia) several times each day.Treatment success depends on the patient's ability to learn and adhere to each aspect of diabetes self-management (DSM).us, treatment needs to be individualized, based on the interaction of multiple factors including literacy, intelligence, socioeconomic status, and school/work schedule of the patient and family.