Comparable anal HPV burden and abnormal cytology in MSM using PrEP and MSM living with HIV: implications for screening and prevention

MSM using PrEP showed a burden of HR-HPV infection and abnormal anal cytology comparable to that observed in MSM living with HIV. These findings suggest that MSM-PrEP constitutes a high-risk group that may warrant reconsideration of current anal cancer screening strategies. The potential protective effect of postsexual-debut HPV vaccination merits further investigation.