Thermal comfort and external shading for an office: A simulation based case study

Abstract Buildings consume over 40% of global energy, much from cooling due to solar heat gain. In tropical climates, shading is vital for reducing overheating and improving comfort. This study assessed horizontal shading devices on a south-southwest-facing office at the University of San Carlos using EnergyPlus simulations. Three projections (0.25, 0.50, 1.00 m) were tested. Results show shading reduced operative temperatures, with 0.25 m providing the best balance of comfort and daylight. Findings highlight horizontal shading as an effective passive design strategy and support its early integration in sustainable tropical architecture.