The penal enforcement legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and other measures of criminal legal impact

This article examines the regulatory framework of Kazakh legislation establishing other measures of criminal law coercion alongside punishment. These measures are normatively закреплены in penitentiary legislation and the current Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors conduct a legal analysis of this institution, consider doctrinal approaches, and formulate their understanding of the legal nature and essence of coercive criminal law measures. The study concludes that the existing system of other criminal law measures does not fully correspond to their legal nature and purposes, necessitating improvement of legislative regulation. Particular attention is paid to the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan of January 10, 2018 “On the Victims Compensation Fund,” which influenced the transformation of the final section of the General Part of the Criminal Code, including Articles 98-1 and 98-2 regulating compulsory payments. The authors argue that this mechanism contains elements of double criminal liability, contradicts constitutional prohibitions on repeated coercive measures, and presents problems in practical implementation.