Granular Cell Tumor (Abrikossoff Tumor) of the Larynx Localized in the Laryngeal Ventricle – Case Report and Literature Review

<ns3:p>Introduction: Laryngeal granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare, typically submucosal lesions that hinder early diagnosis; involvement of the laryngeal ventricle is exceptional.Aim: To report a ventricular laryngeal GCT, review diagnostic and surgical management, and propose a practical decision-making algorithm.Case report: A 33-year-old woman presented with months-long hoarseness and globus sensation. Videolaryngoscopy revealed a well-circumscribed mass in the right laryngeal ventricle bulging the vestibular fold and causing glottic asymmetry. Neck CT showed an ~9-mm contrast-enhancing lesion without cartilage destruction or lymphadenopathy. Under general anesthesia, direct microlaryngoscopy enabled complete excision with clear margins. Histopathology confirmed GCT: S-100(+), SOX10(+), CD68(+), focal NSE(+), Ki-67 ~1%; negative for cytokeratins, desmin, SMA, and MyoD1. Recovery was uneventful; 3-monthly follow-up for ≥2 years was advised.Discussion: Laryngeal GCTs may mimic fibroma, cyst, or papilloma. The S-100/SOX10/CD68 profile supports neuroectodermal origin and facilitates differentiation from myogenic or epithelial tumors. The treatment of choice is endoscopic resection (often CO₂ laser) with margin control and preservation of phonatory function; ventricular location requires a high index of suspicion and meticulous preoperative assessment.Conclusions: (1) GCT should be considered in the differential of submucosal laryngeal lesions; (2) diagnosis relies on histology and S-100/SOX10/CD68 expression; (3) complete endoscopic excision provides excellent functional outcomes; (4) scheduled surveillance is recommended due to rare recurrences and potential malignant transformation.</ns3:p>