Cost-effectiveness analysis of interprofessional collaboration in management of blood pressure in hemodialysis outpatients with end-stage renal disease

This 6-month study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of an interprofessional collaboration (IPC) program for hemodialysis outpatients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We compared a control group ( n = 100) with an IPC group ( n = 96) at Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Indonesia, from a payer’s perspective. The IPC team, including a nephrologist, nurses, and pharmacists, provided integrated care. Pharmacists performed medication reconciliation, identified drug-related problems, and provided intensive education to enhance treatment adherence. Results indicated that the proportion of patients with controlled blood pressure (BP) increased from 30.00% to 73.96%. Mean BP decreased from 149.87 to 142.34 mmHg ( p < 0.001). Total direct medical costs increased from USD 403.82 to USD 417.10 ( p < 0.001). The cost-effectiveness ratio significantly decreased from USD 1,346.17 to USD 564.01, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of USD 30.23. This study proves that IPC is a highly cost-effective intervention, as the significant clinical improvement in BP management justifies the minimal incremental cost incurred.