Investigation of the Impact of Waste Engine Oil and Coconut Fiber on the Physical Characteristics of Bitumen

The modification of virgin bitumen has been an active area of research, aiming to enhance its performance characteristics. This study explores the synergistic effects of incorporating waste engine oil (WEO) and coconut fiber (CF) as bitumen modifiers. The results displayed a synergetic effect as adding waste engine oil increases the penetration and ductility while decreasing the softening temperature of the virgin bitumen. Conversely, the inclusion of coconut fiber reduces the penetration and ductility but increases the softening temperature. The mix consisting of 2% coconut fiber and 9% waste engine oil possessed a high penetration value, suggesting its potential to minimize excessive bitumen brittleness. Furthermore, the mix with 6% coconut fiber and 3% waste engine oil exhibited a high softening point, which could mitigate rutting. Additionally, the overall ductility test results and the specific gravity have decreased, while the flash and fire point values have improved significantly, ensuring the safe operation of the waste engine oil-coconut fiber modified bitumen (WEO-CF-MB). The outcome of this research demonstrates that these agro-industrial wastes can efficiently improve the physical properties of bitumen, leading to enhanced durability, better functioning, and increased eco-friendly road construction practices.