Exocrine Gland Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Therapeutic Perspectives—A Narrative Review

Exocrine gland dysfunction represents a prevalent, intricate, and clinically significant range of non-motor symptoms in PD, indicative of extensive autonomic involvement. Early detection may enhance quality of life and symptom management while also offering insights into disease mechanisms, the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic interventions.