ORGANIZATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF AIRPORT FIRE SAFETY EFFECTIVENESS: AN ANALYSIS OF FIRE AND RESCUE POLICE FUNCTIONS IN VIETNAM

Organizational determinants of Airport Rescue and Firefighting effectiveness remain insufficiently examined despite the growing complexity of airport risk environments. The emphasis on governance structures, leadership systems, human resource capacity and safety culture offers more insight into the manner in which airport fire safety performance is influenced specifically within Vietnam based police-based fire and rescue system. The narrative review approach is a synthesizing approach that incorporates the interdisciplinary literature of aviation safety, organizational theory, governance research, and resilience literature. The theory of High Reliability Organization, institutional theory, Resource-Based View, and perspectives of resilience are incorporated to create a multilevel analysis system. The effective airport fire safety is an outcome of interdependent organizational determinants that work on the macro-level institutional arrangements, meso- level organizational systems, and micro-level operational behaviours. Analysis of the international governance models through comparison shows that there is a structural trade-off between centralized command and decentralized flexibility. In Vietnam, the centralized control is crucial to national consistency, but more inter- agency coordination, professionalization, and digital transformation are important to enhance the adaptive capacity. The conceptual framework, based on many levels, reshapes the ARFF effectiveness as the capability of the organization to be resilient instead of regulatory compliance. Results have policy implications for Vietnam and other similar governance frameworks that aim to improve the quality of airport fire safety.