Global burden of neonatal respiratory infections attributable to air pollution: a systematic analysis based on the global burden of disease 2021 study

• From 1990 to 2021, the burden of NRIs attributable to air pollution showed an overall declining trend, but marked regional disparities persisted, with a substantially higher burden in low-SDI regions. • Globally, lower respiratory infections accounted for the largest share of NRIs attributable to air pollution, while the relative contributions of diff erent air-pollution sources varied substantially across SDI levels.