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Abstract Objectives / Scope This paper aims to present best practices for non-intrusive, in-service inspection of aboveground storage tank floors using Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV). It focuses on how robotic inspection, combined with a risk-based approach, constitutes a sustainable alternative to current practices, reducing human exposure to risk while ensuring mechanical integrity, regulatory compliance, and optimized coordination between inspection and maintenance activities. Methods Procedures, Process The proposed methodology fits ROV inspections into the tank inspection schedule after conducting a thorough evaluation. The parameters to be taken into account to assess the relevance of such inspections include the tank inspection history and the expected damage mechanisms resulting from it, as well as regulatory constraints. The technical feasibility is then assessed case by case, considering product characteristics, sludge levels, tank configuration, etc… Inspection coverage and technologies are adapted based on the surface available (accessories creating exclusion areas), and the accuracy needed (knowledge of the damage mechanisms: general corrosion, pitting… that require different Probabilities of Detection and coverage). All data collected by ROV inspections is used to update and refine the Risk-Based Analysis of the tank, and thus re-evaluate its next opening date. Results, Observations, Conclusions If the inspection outside of operation is carried out using a robotic system to replace the internal inspection, this robotic inspection must include: A preliminary analysis of the tank inspection history must be carried out by the inspector to ensure that the inspection tools used are relevant for updating the RBI analysis. Overall, the available technologies constitute a sustainable alternative to current intrusive inspection practices, allowing for: Field feedback from multiple tanks inspected worldwide demonstrates in-service ROV inspection effectiveness, allowing for opening postponements. These results are highly reproducible, provided that the inspection strategy is properly tailored to the inspection needs. Novelty This paper introduces a structured methodology for defining ROV inspection needs, based on required Probability of Detection and inspection coverage, determined in accordance with the tank degradation history. This approach thus adds a new technical dimension to the inspection, drawing on knowledge of corrosion mechanisms (general corrosion, bacterial corrosion, isolated pitting…). It also demonstrates how coupling ROV inspection and data management with inspection records enhances RBI analyses, enabling data-driven decisions on inspection intervals and maintenance strategies, going beyond existing prescriptive approaches. Foreword Progress doesn’t pause for the industrial world, and it is our responsibility as decision makers to adapt our practices and rise to its challenges. This document will address innovative in-service inspection technologies, focusing on Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) and the opportunities they offer in various industrial mechanical integrity management and regulatory contexts.