From Chalkboards to Clickboards: Technology Integration and Instructional Innovation in India's NEP 2020 Framework

Education serves as the foundation for India’s socio-economic progress, influencing its development and position on the global stage. A nation like India can greatly contribute to a new approach to educational advancements in the 21st century by establishing key pillars for a dynamic and sustainable education system throughout its diverse regions. The National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) seeks to transform education in India through digital initiatives by integrating technology into knowledge acquisition and pedagogical creativity. This policy has opened the doors to redefine the educational landscape through a broad array of innovations. The traditional education systems of old classrooms have now taken a back seat and have undergone significant transformations to find complete alternatives in digital adaptive learning platforms and effective teaching methods, which have been encouraged to facilitate and ensure successful learning. According to NEP 2020, Indian education should embrace a more comprehensive, learner-centred, experiential, inclusive, interdisciplinary, constructivist, and globally competitive framework. The primary aim of this study is to explore the recommendations from NEP 2020 which encompasses reimagining our education system and to examine how NEP 2020 is overhauling the pedagogical frameworks to incorporate machine learning and technological advancements. This research adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing the guidelines from NEP2020. Various journals and articles serve as secondary sources for this study. The paper emphasizes that experience-based learning, learning through practical engagement, unobtrusive learning, and playful learning .are representative examples of innovative techno-pedagogical methods that align well with the objectives of NEP 2020. To reach this objective, NEP 2020 includes various teaching and learning approaches, such as blended learning, flipped classrooms, concept mapping, the use of AI and digitization in education, and learning through gamification, among others. Additionally, this paper highlights the challenges faced and proposes potential solutions for implementing digital hybrid classroom learning in the 21st century.