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Abstract This study presents a real field case comparing the performance of Permanent Magnet Motor (PMM) versus Induction Motor (IM) Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP) in viscous oil wells located in the Gulf of Thailand. The focus is on evaluating the efficiency, environmental impact, and economics of both systems for marginal and offshore mature oil fields. The study highlights long-term benefits of PMM ESPs and outlines key challenges in transitioning from IM to PMM systems The comparison utilizes analogue wells with similar characteristics, including horizontal well configurations, comparable oil viscosity, and similar operating liquid ranges. The evaluation methodology includes detailed calculations of both electric and hydraulic power, ensuring a comprehensive and reliable assessment of the two ESP systems. The study incorporates real-time monitoring data to validate performance metrics. The findings indicate that PMM ESPs exhibit approximately 20% greater efficiency than IM ESPs, reducing diesel consumption by 48.4 liter per well per day on median, and contributing to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Despite the small incremental cost of PMM ESPs, the significant cost savings from diesel consumption they offer lead to better overall economics. Transitioning from IM to PMM ESP implementation for portfolios with ~100 ESP wells and a five-year run life, the savings scale to $10 MM or more in OPEX and the CO2 reduction scale to 20000 ton. This study confirms the efficiency–economics–sustainability advantages of PMM ESPs in viscous oil wells and provides a transparent calculation framework operators can replicate. The implementation of PMM ESPs can significantly enhance operational benefits and prolong the life of offshore mature fields. The findings contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting advanced technologies in oil extraction. This research underscores the importance of innovation in maintaining the viability of mature fields.