Structural and dimensional behavior of flax double weft knitted fabrics after washing

This study investigated the influence of fabric variant and fabric state on the structural and dimensional behavior of flax double weft knitted fabrics. Two fabric variants were examined: variant I, an unbalanced structure with a 1 × 1 rib with a single miss stitch; and variant II, a balanced structure with a 1 × 1 rib with a 1 × 2 rib. Key structural characteristics, including stitch density, stitch length, weight, and thickness, were analyzed in dry-relaxed (DR) and wet-relaxed (WR) states. Additionally, the dimensional changes following washing were studied. Results showed that variant I had higher stitch density on the back, longer average stitch length, and greater weight and thickness than variant II. These differences reflect the effect of single miss stitches on fabric structure versus the 1 × 2 rib in fabric variant II. Washing caused structural relaxation and partial recovery in both variants, with variant I showing smaller dimensional changes and greater overall stability. Both fabrics shrank in length and expanded in width; variant I demonstrated notably reduced widthwise expansion. Statistical analysis confirmed that the fabric variant significantly influenced stitch formation, dimensional changes, and overall stability. These findings suggest that the structure with a 1 × 1 rib with single miss stitches (variant I) provides enhanced dimensional control and predictable performance during following washing, making it especially suitable for applications requiring high fabric stability.