Designs for Low-Altitude Drones in the Aspect of Transportation Efficiency and Safety

With the rise of the low-altitude economy, drone logistics has become a crucial component in smart city development. This paper systematically investigates the core characteristics and current state of development for low-altitude transport drones. It first analyses research progress concerning transport efficiency, focusing on recent achievements in route planning, airspace utilization, and energy consumption optimization. Subsequently, it comprehensively reviews innovative breakthroughs in safety technologies, including developments in key techniques such as perception-avoidance systems based on multi-sensor fusion and power redundancy design. By establishing a multi-dimensional comparative framework with consumer-grade drones, the study deeply reveals the fundamental differences between the two drone systems across three dimensions: design philosophy, technical standards, and operational models. Finally, addressing core challenges such as current technical bottlenecks, regulation frameworks, and insufficient societal acceptance, the paper proposes systematic development recommendations encompassing three dimensions: technical pathways, policy frameworks, and public engagement. This research provides theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the technological evolution, policy formulation, and commercial application of low-altitude transport drones.