Dynamics of Potato Cultivation in the Arid Saharan Region of El Oued (Algeria) and Farmers’ Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate ChangeDynamics of Potato Cultivation in the Arid Saharan Region of El Oued (Algeria) and Farmers’ Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate Change

The arid areas of Algeria, which cover more than 80% of the national territory, are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In this context, this study analyses the dynamics of potato cultivation in the Saharan region of El-Oued and farmers’ perceptions and adaptation strategies to climate change. The methodological approach combines analysis of statistical data from the Directorate of Agricultural Services (DSA)(1999-2024) and a field survey of 27 producers. The results show spectacular expansion of cultivation, with areas increasing from 628 ha in 1999 to over 40,000 ha in 2022, supported by the mobilization of fossil aquifers and the widespread use of pivot irrigation. However, this growth relies on non-renewable water resources, raising significant sustainability issues. Local perceptions reveal that over 80% of farmers have noticed rising temperatures, but the majority do not perceive other manifestations of climate change, due to dependence on irrigation and the perception of sufficient water availability. The most frequently cited adaptation strategies involve modifying the cropping calendar, improving irrigation systems, and diversifying crops, particularly towards market gardening under Multispan greenhouses, which could make El-Oued a future hub for market gardening in addition to potato production. The study highlights the need to strengthen technical training, varietal innovation, and sustainable water management to ensure the long-term resilience of this strategic sector.