Exploratory Factor Analysis of Cultural-Sensitive Pedagogy Questionnaire (CSPQ)

This study developed and examined the factor structure of the Culturally Sensitive Pedagogy Questionnaire (CSPQ) for Philippine basic education teachers. A 25-item instrument was administered to 152 teachers from public and private schools. Exploratory factor analysis using principal axis factoring with oblimin rotation supported a three-factor structure accounting for 60.05% of the variance. The retained factors were cultural inclusivity in teaching, culturally responsive teaching, and cultural accommodation and awareness. Internal consistency was high for the overall scale and acceptable to high for the subscales. The findings provide initial evidence that the CSPQ has a coherent internal structure and acceptable reliability for assessing culturally sensitive pedagogy. The instrument may be useful in teacher development and in future validation studies using confirmatory factor analysis.