Characterizing the Instrumental Profile of LAMOST

Abstract The instrumental profile (IP) of a telescope is of great significance for spectroscopic analyses, especially for wavelength calibration and stellar parameter measurements. The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) employs arc lamps for wavelength calibration. These lamps produce sharp emission lines with known wavelengths, and the observed arc lamp spectra can well characterize the IP. However, IPs are influenced by multiple factors, making them difficult to model accurately with traditional methods. Neural networks, which can automatically capture complex patterns and nonlinear features in data, provide a promising approach for high-precision IP measurement. We therefore construct a multilayer perceptron based on The Payne neural network to derive IPs for LAMOST. After training, the model can retrieve the IP for any fiber, at any wavelength, and at any time. We then apply the derived IP to stellar radial velocity (RV) measurements and analyze the impact of different IP center localization methods on the results. Finally, the dispersion of the measured RVs is reduced by approximately 3 km s −1 . This improvement will facilitate the search for long-period binary stars via RV variations.