Modeling of building heat loss and environmental assessment

This study examined how applying thermal insulation to the external walls of buildings affects energy efficiency and emissions under the climate conditions of the Khorezm region. Calculations were performed in Python, with coal as the primary fuel. The study estimated heat fluxes, fuel consumption, and CO₂ and SO₂ emissions as a function of insulation thickness. Results indicated that using expanded polystyrene (EPS) reduced CO₂ emissions by 17.729 kg/m² and SO₂ emissions by 0.018 kg/m². Increasing insulation thickness from 0 to 0.08 m lowered CO₂ emissions from 120 kg/m²·year to 10-15 kg/m²·year, and SO₂ emissions from 0.018 kg/m² to 0.005-0.007 kg/m². The analysis revealed a direct link between energy use and emissions. The optimal insulation thickness was found to be between 0.05 and 0.06 m, yielding the most cost-effective and environmentally beneficial results. These findings confirm that polystyrene-based insulation systems are an effective approach for achieving energy efficiency and environmental sustainability in buildings.