Clinical Outcome Assessments for Functional Performance in Spastic Paresis: Systematic Review, Critique, and Recommendations

Two variants of the 10-Minute Walk Test, along with the 2-Minute or 6-Minute Walk Test (to account for fatigability), are recommended for assessing lower limb functional performance in patients with spastic paresis. The Wisconsin Gait Scale is recommended, although its clinical feasibility is limited. For the upper limb, the 13-item Arm Motor Ability Test and the Modified Frenchay Scale are classified as "recommended with caveats" because of identified limitations. Establishing consistent scoring guidelines and standardized protocols will be essential to enhance their clinical applicability and diffusion. © 2026 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.