High‐Efficiency Dual‐Stage Power Conversion System for EV Battery Charging Using Solar PV: Enhanced Y‐Source and Zero‐Voltage‐Switching Architecture

ABSTRACT The rapid expansion of electric transportation has increased the need for efficient and reliable battery charging solutions powered by renewable energy sources. Solar photovoltaic (SPV)‐based charging systems offer a sustainable alternative; however, they require high voltage‐gain capability, stable power transfer, and safe integration with electric vehicle (EV) battery packs under fluctuating solar conditions. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a high‐efficiency dual‐stage power conversion architecture for SPV‐based EV battery charging applications. The proposed system employs an enhanced Y‐source DC–DC boost converter in the front end to achieve high voltage gain and continuous input current, followed by an isolated DC–DC conversion stage incorporating improved switching and rectification techniques to enhance power regulation and reduce conversion losses. The architecture is designed to improve energy utilization, operational stability, and charging reliability for traction battery systems. Experimental validation is performed on a 1.5‐kW prototype using a 60‐V SPV input to charge a 48 V, 12‐Ah EV battery module. The system achieves a peak efficiency of 94.83% with a total power loss of 77.59 W, demonstrating fast dynamic response and strong load adaptability. The results confirm that the proposed converter provides an efficient and reliable power‐electronics solution for next‐generation solar‐powered EV charging infrastructure, supporting sustainable electric transportation development.