Comparative Analysis of Antioxidant Properties of Extracts Obtained from Bingöl Propolis with Different Solvents

Propolis is a valuable bee product collected by honeybees from plants, especially flowers and buds, and enriched with wax and resin. Bees use propolis for defense, support and protection within the hive. The chemical composition and biological activities of propolis vary depending on factors such as the region where it is collected, plant source, extraction method and solvent selection.This study aimed to determine appropriate extraction methods to optimize the potential applications of propolis by examining the effects of different solvents on biologically active substances. Propolis samples collected from Bingöl province were extracted using six different solvents (70% ethanol, 99.9% ethanol, distilled water, hexane + ethyl alcohol mixture and grape vinegar). The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the obtained extracts and their antioxidant activities were analyzed by the DPPH method.It was revealed that among the solvents, hexane + 70% ethanol had the highest total phenolic (461,16 ±0,5 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (368.10 ±1.92mg QE/g) content and showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging capacity 82,95 ± 0,43% inhibition. Based on the findings, it was concluded that hexane + 70% ethanol extraction was the most efficient method to increase the concentration of biologically active compounds.