Design and performance evaluation of DWDM systems for high-capacity long-haul optical networks

This paper provides a comprehensive design and analysis of the Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) system, which employs contemporary optical techniques to transmit data securely and rapidly over extensive distances. The proposed method incorporates optical encryption at the transmitter level, safeguarding data privacy against threats to the physical layer. We create a simulation framework for 8x10 Gbps channel capacity to see how well the system works by looking at the quality factor, Bit Error Rate (BER), and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio for varied transmission lengths of 120, 240, and 500 km for channel counts and input power levels. In this instance, we utilize a dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) and FBG to lower the dispersion for single-mode, which is used to carefully study the effects of nonlinear impairments, crosstalk, and ASE noise. The simulation findings indicate that the DWDM system maintains signal quality across transmission distances exceeding 500 km with minimal degradation. This study indicates that the WDM system can be used in next-generation optical backbone networks for DWDM applications that need to be safe, have a lot of capacity, and work over long distances.