Integrating hybrid FSO-RF systems into photonics education: challenges, advancements, and collaborative opportunities

As the demand for high capacity, reliable wireless communication continues to grow, hybrid Free Space Optical (FSO) and Radio Frequency (RF) communication systems have become essential. Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) systems leverage the high bandwidth and license free spectrum advantages of FSO, while also benefiting from the RF link’s resilience to atmospheric disruptions, thereby addressing the connectivity requirements of the next generation. However, the technological potential of hybrid FSO-RF systems has not been widely integrated into photonics education. This paper presents a roadmap for addressing future challenges in photonics education, particularly concerning hybrid FSO-RF systems. We examine the field’s evolving needs, propose strategies for incorporating these topics into the curriculum, and highlight opportunities for international partnerships to enhance research and education. This work aims to equip students and researchers to confront emerging challenges by bridging theoretical advancements with practical applications in photonics education.