The role of polymorphism C28078G of the PPAR gene in the development and clinical course of acne in patients of the Uzbek population

Background: The skin acts as a physical and immunological barrier, protecting the body from the penetration of foreign substances and microorganisms. There are scientific studies indicating the significant role of PPAR gene receptors in the regulation of inflammatory processes, as well as in stimulating sebum production. Aims: To study the effect of the PPARγ gene in patients of Uzbek nationality suffering from acne of varying severity. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on genomic DNA samples isolated from the peripheral blood of patients. 133 patients with varying degrees of acne severity were examined. The control group consisted of 125 conditionally healthy individuals of Uzbek nationality who did not have dermatological or other diseases. Results: The frequency of C and G alleles in the subgroup of patients with severe acne and the control group was 81.6% and 18.4% versus 87.6% and 12.4%, respectively. The probability of detecting an unfavorable G allele in patients with severe acne was more than 2 times higher than in the control group (χ² = 3.5; p = 0.1; OR = 2.2; 95% CI 0.96–4.98). This indicates that the presence of an unfavorable G allele may be associated with an increased risk of developing severe acne. Conclusion: The 28078CG polymorphism of the PPARG gene is important in the pathogenesis of acne in patients of Uzbek nationality.