Compact antenna design for breast cancer diagnostics

A wide band, size reduced noval I shaped patch antenna fed using coplanar waveguide with wide bandwidth used for medical imaging applications. The patch is made in the shape of an I, which improves the impedance bandwidth of the antenna to 7.9 GHz at a centered frequency of 5.5 GHz while still maintaining the area to be compact at 10 mmx 10 mmx1.6 mm. The I-shaped patch, along with the ground plane, enables uniform current distribution over the radiating bandwidth, and the coupling capacitance is strong. The proposed antenna, when simulated, results in stable radiation with a peak directivity of 3.7 dBi. The wide bandwidth performance and form factor make it best suitable for microwave breast imaging applications that can penetrate the biological tissues while maintaining the spatial resolution. The antenna fabricated using Rogers material helps to achieve radiation efficiency of 85% by maintaining the proper optimization of the gap between the ground plane slot and feed line. The antenna configuration of the I shape provides improved matching of impedance at operating frequency while maintaining the directional radiation pattern.