Factors Related to the Voluntary Termination of Pregnancy Processes: A Systematic Literature Review

Despite advances in sexual and reproductive rights in most Western countries, women continue to face difficulties in decision-making regarding contraceptive use and voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTOP). This study aims to analyse scientific evidence on women’s experiences and the factors that influence the VTOP process. The literature published between 2012 and July 2024 on the Scopus and Web of Science databases was systematically reviewed. The initial search yielded 829 results. After eliminating duplicates, screening, and reading of full-texts, 30 articles were included in the review. Personal, economic, relationship, health system, and sociocultural factors were identified as interacting and influencing women’s decisions and experiences during the stages of the VTOP process. Adequate information, support, and psychosocial accompaniment are needed for the various moments and challenges facing women concerning their sexual and reproductive health. Furthermore, advancing knowledge from the perspective of women with an intersectional, global approach is essential. The identification of key axes of inequality serves as a necessary preliminary diagnosis for the design of effective social policies that promote reproductive justice and ensure bodily autonomy.