Common Vulvar Neoplasms–Benign and Malignant

Common vulvar neoplasms include benign lesions such as epidermal inclusion cysts, fibroepithelial polyps, and Bartholin gland tumors, as well as malignant entities including squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, extramammary Paget disease, and sarcomas. Benign growths can closely resemble malignant processes, creating diagnostic challenges, while malignant tumors are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Advances in histopathology, imaging, and molecular techniques have improved diagnostic precision and informed more individualized therapeutic strategies. Comprehensive understanding of benign and malignant vulvar neoplasms unites accurate classification with evidence-based management, enhancing diagnostic precision, guiding therapeutic decisions, and improving outcomes in vulvar disease.