Evaluating radio duty cycle and routing behavior in multiscenario RPL border router deployments with Contiki OS and Cooja simulator for IoT environment

The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) has emerged as a critical routing solution for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, particularly in wireless sensor networks. This research paper presents a detailed implementation and analysis of RPL protocol functioning as a border router within the Contiki 3.0 operating system environment, utilizing the Cooja network simulator for comprehensive testing and evaluation. This study investigates the performance implications of different node positioning strategies in Contiki-based wireless sensor networks, specifically analyzing how motes deployment affects energy efficiency, network reliability, and communication overhead in border router centric topologies. After the motes were placed, Radio Duty Cycle models were employed to understand the behavior of transmission and reception power consumption at randomly different positions. Significant energy savings can be achieved by enabling nodes to activate at scheduled intervals for data transmission or reception. This will enable motes to conserve energy when operating in dense networks. The experimental results determine the impact of network density on the characteristics of power distribution and energy efficiency of different IoT applications.