Numerical modeling of optimum insulation location based on time lag and decrement factor in wall systems

This study examined how basalt-based wall insulation performs in continental climates, such as those in Uzbekistan. The researchers studied walls made of aerated concrete and slag (ash-sand) concrete, using a one-dimensional, time-varying thermal-conductivity model. They ran their calculations in COMSOL Multiphysics and focused on two main things: how long it takes for heat changes to make it through the wall (time delay φ), and how much those changes get dampened (amplitude reduction coefficient ν). What did they find? Basalt insulation really boosts the wall’s ability to slow down and reduce temperature swings. For aerated concrete, the heat took about 11 hours to penetrate, with an amplitude reduction of 3.296×10⁻³. For slag concrete, the delay stretched to 13 hours, and the reduction was 14×10⁻³. Basically, adding basalt insulation keeps indoor temperatures steady, even when it’s wild outside, and reduces heat loss. That means you save energy. If you want a building that’s energy-efficient and maintains stable temperatures, basalt-based insulation is one of the best options.