Developing Radiation Literacy Through Interdisciplinary Education: A Case Study of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site

Radiation literacy is increasingly recognized as an essential component of scientific literacy, particularly in regions shaped by nuclear legacies. This study explores how interdisciplinary education can foster radiation literacy using the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site as a context-rich case study. An interdisciplinary instructional module was designed and implemented by integrating physics (radiation and dose), chemistry (radioactive decay and environmental pathways), biology (health effects and risk), geography (contamination and land use), and history/civics (ethics, policy, and collective memory). The module emphasized evidence-based reasoning, risk communication, and socio-scientific decision-making. Data were collected through pre–post assessments of radiation concepts and risk interpretation, analysis of students’ written explanations of scenarios, and reflective responses on ethical and civic dimensions. The results indicate measurable gains in core conceptual understanding (for example, sources of radiation, exposure pathways, and dose-related reasoning), improved ability to distinguish hazard from risk, and greater use of scientific evidence when discussing real-world issues such as environmental monitoring and community health. Qualitative findings show that the Semipalatinsk context enhanced engagement and supported empathy-driven civic reflection while also requiring careful facilitation to prevent misconceptions and emotional overload. For education policymakers in other post-nuclear regions, these findings underscore the value of supporting interdisciplinary, place-based curricula that integrate scientific risk reasoning with local historical and socio-civic contexts when designing radiation education standards.