Violência e Homicídio por parceiro intímo entre as comunidades LGBTQIA+ e Heterossexual

Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV), including homicide, constitutes a serious global public health problem, with significant repercussions on human development and social inequalities. Evidence suggests greater vulnerability in the LGBTQIA+ population, but scientific production on intimate partner homicide in this group remains limited when compared to the cisheterosexual population. Objective: to systematically review the literature on intimate partner violence and homicide perpetrated against sexual and gender minorities, analyzing prevalence data and psychosocial and structural correlates in LGBTQIA+ populations in relation to cisheterosexual populations. Method: systematic review of the literature produced between 2013 and 2023, following the PRISMA guidelines. Scopus, PubMed, LILACS, Embase, BVS, APA PsycNet, and SciELO databases were consulted, using MeSH and DeCS descriptors. The PECO strategy was applied to include original quantitative studies on victimization, perpetration, and homicide by intimate partners in LGBTQIA+ and cisheterosexual populations, without restriction on sample size. Screening was performed by independent reviewers. Results: 1,226 articles were identified, of which 19 met the eligibility criteria. Black women and men were disproportionately affected. Physical, sexual, and psychological abuse preceded homicide in most cases. Alcohol use and relationship conflicts, especially relationship termination, were the factors most frequently associated with homicides. Greater severity of violence was observed in the LGBTQIA+ population, associated with a greater burden of mental suffering, substance use, and risky behaviors, especially among transgender people. Conclusion: IPV and homicide by intimate partners affect cisheterosexual and LGBTQIA+ populations similarly in terms of lethal outcomes, but with greater severity and vulnerability among sexual and gender minorities. Significant gaps remain in the literature, especially regarding homicide within the LGBTQIA+ population, reinforcing the need for specific research and public policies.