Role of Tribes in the Socio-Political System of Saudi Arabia

The article analyzes the role of tribal identity and clans in the socio-political life of Saudi Arabia, focusing on the influence of tribal ties within the context of the modern state. The key objective is to explore Saudi tribes and assess the extent of their impact on the socio-political environment. The article examines the nature of interaction between tribal alliances and the royal family, as well as the degree of their integration into the country’s political system. Despite modernization and urbanization, tribal influence on politics persists, especially in matters such as the appointment of key government officials and participation in municipal elections. Attention is also given to the socio-economic changes brought about, among other factors, by the development of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia. Tribal identity continues to significantly shape society, particularly in the context of conflict and intertribal marriages. The article investigates state policy toward tribes and the use of tribal networks to strengthen political legitimacy and maintain stability. The author concludes that the tribal factor remains a vital element of Saudi Arabia’s socio-political structure, despite the state’s efforts to foster a unified national identity.