From Pressure Patterns to Personalized Insoles: A Systematic Review of Demographic Influences on Plantar Pressure

This study summarizes population-specific plantar pressure patterns associated with sex, age, and body weight. The hallux, selected metatarsals, midfoot, and heel consistently demonstrated pooled differences across studies and are highlighted as regions of interest for future research. These findings provide descriptive biomechanical reference patterns that may support hypothesis-driven investigations into plantar load redistribution and comfort-related outcomes. These findings should therefore be interpreted as providing comparative biomechanical context rather than direct clinical decision-making criteria.