A Framework for the Cross-Cultural Immersive Display of Traditional Chinese Clothing Using Virtual Reality

This study proposes a virtual reality�Cbased cross-cultural immersive display system (VR-CCTC-IES) for the digital reconstruction and interactive presentation of traditional Chinese textile and garment heritage. The system integrates textile historical analysis, high-precision 3D modeling, fabric structure reconstruction, and real-time simulation technologies to digitally reproduce representative garments from the Han, Tang, and Ming dynasties. Within the digital reconstruction module, textile engineering considerations��including garment pattern structure, weaving organization (e.g., plain, twill, satin), embroidery techniques, fabric drape behavior, and surface optical properties��are incorporated into the modeling workflow. Physically based rendering (PBR) materials are developed to simulate yarn thickness, glossiness, transparency, and texture characteristics of historical fabrics, while physics-based cloth simulation is employed to approximate dynamic behavior during movement. The cross-cultural interaction module further translates textile craftsmanship, structural decomposition, and pattern symbolism into multi-layered visual and interactive formats, enabling users to explore garment construction, material features, and cultural context in an immersive environment. A multi-dimensional evaluation framework is proposed to assess immersion, usability, and cultural learning effectiveness. By combining textile process documentation with digital visualization and interactive technologies, the study contributes to the digital preservation of garment craftsmanship and explores new technological pathways for sustainable dissemination of textile cultural heritage.