Endoscopy-guided bilateral olfactory mucosal biopsy: a safe and reproducible outpatient technique

Endoscopy-guided bilateral olfactory epithelium biopsy appears feasible in a carefully screened outpatient cohort. Pre-endoscopic anatomical assessment was associated with improved procedural success. Although objective olfactory testing was not performed, and subtle functional changes cannot be excluded, this technique provides a reproducible methodological framework for future studies involving the olfactory cleft.